解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Escherichia coli O157:H7 causes food and waterborne enteric infections that can result in hemorrhagic colitis and life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome. Intimate adherence of the bacteria to intestinal epithelial cells is mediated by intimin, but E. coli O157:H7 also possess several other putative adhesins, inclu...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05945-11
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Targeting an antigen to Fc receptors (FcR) can enhance the immune response to the antigen in the absence of adjuvant. Furthermore, we recently demonstrated that intranasal immunization with an FcγR-targeted antigen enhances protection against a category A intracellular mucosal pathogen, Francisella tularensis. To dete...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05511-11
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Duffy binding protein (DBP) is a vital ligand for Plasmodium vivax blood-stage merozoite invasion, making the molecule an attractive vaccine candidate against vivax malaria. Similar to other blood-stage vaccine candidates, DBP allelic variation eliciting a strain-specific immunity may be a major challenge for deve...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05924-11
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::As an intracellular protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii is likely to exploit proteases for host cell invasion, acquisition of nutrients, avoidance of host protective responses, escape from the parasitophorous vacuole, differentiation, and other activities. T. gondii serine protease inhibitor 1 (TgPI1) is the most ab...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.06167-11
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Science has a critical role to play in addressing humanity's most important challenges in the twenty-first century. However, the contemporary scientific enterprise has developed in ways that prevent it from reaching maximum effectiveness and detract from the appeal of a research career. To be effective, the methodolog...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1128/IAI.06184-11
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is responsible for the majority of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI) and represents the most common bacterial infection in adults. UPEC utilizes a wide range of virulence factors to colonize the host, including the novel repeat-in-toxin (RTX) protein TosA, which is spec...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05713-11
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii is well known for its skill at invading and living within host cells. New discoveries are now also revealing the astounding ability of the parasite to inject effector proteins into the cytoplasm to seize control of the host cell. This review summarizes recent advances in o...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1128/IAI.05974-11
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio cholerae responds to environmental changes by altering the protein composition of its outer membrane. In rich medium, V. cholerae expresses almost exclusively the outer membrane porin OmpU, whereas in minimal medium, OmpT is the dominant porin. The supplementation of a minimal medium with a mixture of asparagin...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05851-11
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human pathogen enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 has two histidine sensor kinases, QseC and QseE, which respond to the mammalian adrenergic hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine by increasing their autophosphorylation. Although QseC and QseE are present in nonpathogenic strains of E. coli, EHEC e...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05921-11
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The agent of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, has a number of outer membrane proteins that are differentially regulated during its life cycle. In addition to their physiological functions in the organism, these proteins also likely serve different functions in invasiveness and immune evasion. In borreliae, as well ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05836-11
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The two-component regulatory system, GraRS, appears to be involved in staphylococcal responses to cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs). However, the mechanism(s) by which GraRS is induced, regulated, and modulated remain undefined. In this study, we used two well-characterized MRSA strains (Mu50 and COL) and their r...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05669-11
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Borrelia burgdorferi, a tick-borne bacterial pathogen, causes a disseminated infection involving multiple organs known as Lyme disease. Surface proteins can directly participate in microbial virulence by facilitating pathogen dissemination via interaction with host factors. We show here that a fraction of the B. burgd...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05671-11
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report here the identification and characterization of two zinc uptake systems, ZurAM and ZinABC, in the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. Transcription of both operons was zinc responsive and regulated by the zinc-sensing repressor Zur. Deletion of either zurAM or zinA had no detectable effect on grow...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05904-11
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neutrophil serine proteases cathepsin G (CG), neutrophil elastase (NE), and proteinase 3 (PR3) have recently been shown to contribute to killing of Streptococcus pneumoniae in vitro. However, their relevance in lung-protective immunity against different serotypes of S. pneumoniae in vivo has not been determined so far...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05593-11
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neisseria gonorrhoeae is an obligate human pathogen that causes the common sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. Gonococcal infections cause significant morbidity, particularly among women, as the organism ascends to the upper reproductive tract, resulting in pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, and inf...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05806-11
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogenic biofilms have been associated with persistent infections due to their high resistance to antimicrobial agents, while commensal biofilms often fortify the host's immune system. Hence, controlling biofilm formation of both pathogenic bacteria and commensal bacteria is important in bacterium-related diseases. ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05580-11
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acquisition of immunity to Plasmodium falciparum sexual stages is a key determinant for reducing human-mosquito transmission by preventing the fertilization and the development of the parasite in the mosquito midgut. Naturally acquired immunity against sexual stages may therefore form the basis for the development of ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05288-11
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We demonstrate that 2-month-old female B10.T(6R) mice are highly resistant to systemic infection with the KIM5 strain of Yersinia pestis and that B10.T(6R) mice become susceptible to Y. pestis infection by the age of 5 months. In this study, young (2-month-old) and middle-aged (5- to 12-month-old) B10.T(6R) mice were ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05267-11
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gamma interferon (IFN-γ) induces expression of the tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) in human epithelial cells, the permissive cells for the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. IDO1 depletes tryptophan by catabolizing it to kynurenine with consequences for C. trachom...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05659-11
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recognition of microbial patterns by host receptors is the first step in a multistep sequence leading to neutrophil-dependent host resistance. Although the role of membrane-bound sensors in bacterial recognition has been examined in detail, the importance of cytosolic sensors in the lungs is largely unexplored. In thi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05641-11
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Internalization of Staphylococcus aureus in bovine endothelial cells (BEC) is increased by tumor necrosis factor alpha stimulation and NF-κB activation. Because the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway also modulates NF-κB activity, we considered whether the internalization of S. aureus by BEC is ass...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05303-11
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mucosal immune responses to fungal infection range from T helper type 2 (Th2) cell-directed allergic inflammation to Th1-predominant neutrophilic inflammation, but the mechanisms directing these divergent mucosal immune outcomes and the role of T cells in host defense against mucosal fungal infections are not known. H...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05209-11
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of bacterial pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis in children. Human immunity to pneumococcal infections has been assumed to depend on anticapsular antibodies. However, recent findings from murine models suggest that alternative mechanisms, dependent on T helper cells, are also...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05286-11
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP), a bacterial second messenger, is known to regulate bacterial biofilm and sessility. Replication of an obligatory intracellular pathogen, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, is characterized by formation of bacterial aggregates called morulae inside membrane-bound inclusions. When E. chaffeensis matur...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05320-11
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intravascular trematode Schistosoma mansoni is a causative agent of schistosomiasis, a disease that constitutes a major health problem globally. In this study we cloned and characterized the schistosome tegumental phosphodiesterase SmNPP-5 and evaluated its role in parasite virulence. SmNPP-5 is a 52.5-kDa protein...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05431-11
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 23-membered Esx protein family is involved in the host-pathogen interactions of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These secreted proteins are among the most immunodominant antigens recognized by the human immune system and have thus been used to develop vaccines and immunodiagnostic tests for tuberculosis (TB). Gene pai...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05344-11
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of the specificity of bactericidal antibodies in normal, convalescent, and postvaccination human sera is important in understanding human immunity to meningococcal infections and can aid in the design of an effective group B vaccine. A collection of human sera, including group C and group B convalescent-phase...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05125-11
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Binding of the complement-downregulating protein factor H (fH) to the surface of the meningococcus is important for survival of the organism in human serum. The meningococcal vaccine candidate factor H binding protein (fHbp) is an important ligand for human fH. While some fHbp-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) blo...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05182-11
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1) is an invasion-related Plasmodium antigen that is expressed during both intracellular and extracellular asexual stages of the parasite's life cycle, making it an ideal target for induction of humoral and cellular immune responses that can protect against malaria. We show here that whe...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05048-11
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic defects in the Rab27a or Munc13-4 gene lead to immunodeficiencies in humans, characterized by frequent viral and bacterial infections. However, the role of Rab27a and Munc13-4 in the regulation of systemic inflammation initiated by Gram-negative bacterium-derived pathogenic molecules is currently unknown. Usin...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05043-11
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type III and type VI secretion systems (T3SSs and T6SSs, respectively) are critical virulence determinants in several Gram-negative pathogens. In Burkholderia pseudomallei, the T3SS-3 and T6SS-1 clusters have been implicated in bacterial virulence in mammalian hosts. We recently discovered a regulatory cascade that co...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05148-11
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Burkholderia cenocepacia is an opportunistic pathogen that primarily infects cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Previously, we reported that ShvR, a LysR regulator, influences colony morphology, virulence, and biofilm formation and regulates the expression of an adjacent 24-kb genomic region encoding 24 genes. In this stu...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00170-11
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which recognizes lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria, plays a major role in resistance of mice and humans to Salmonella infection. In chickens, Salmonella may establish a carrier state whereby bacteria are able to persist in the host organism without triggering clinical signs. B...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00025-11
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium perfringens is an anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium that causes a range of diseases in humans, including lethal gas gangrene. We have recently shown that strains of C. perfringens move across the surface of agar plates by a unique type IV pilus (TFP)-mediated social motility that had not been previously d...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00909-10
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Borrelia burgdorferi, an agent of Lyme disease, establishes persistent infection in immunocompetent animals and humans. Although the infection in humans can be cleared by antibiotic therapy, persistence in reservoir animals is necessary for the maintenance of the bacterium in the natural reservoir host⇔tick vector inf...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05122-11
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio cholerae O1 has two biotypes, El Tor and Classical, and the latter is now presumed to be extinct in nature. Under carbohydrate-rich growth conditions, El Tor biotype strains produce the neutral fermentation end product 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD), which prevents accumulation of organic acids from mixed acid ferment...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01237-10
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Burkholderia pseudomallei, a causative agent of melioidosis, is a Gram-negative facultative intracellular bacterium that can survive and multiply in macrophages. Previously, we demonstrated that B. pseudomallei failed to activate gene expression downstream of the MyD88-independent pathway, particularly the expression ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01254-10
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromatin modification triggered by bacteria is a newly described mechanism by which pathogens impact host transcription. Listeria monocytogenes dephosphorylates histone H3 through the action of listeriolysin O (LLO); however, the underlying mechanism is unknown. Here we show that an unrelated pore-forming toxin, Aero...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01243-10
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The roles of different ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) in bacterial pathogenesis have not been studied systematically. In this work we analyzed the importance of the different Pseudomonas aeruginosa RNRs in pathogenesis using the Drosophila melanogaster host-pathogen interaction model. P. aeruginosa codes for three d...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01212-10
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown that a pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA)-based vaccine containing DNA plasmid encoding the Flt3 ligand (FL) gene (pFL) as a nasal adjuvant prevented nasal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae. In this study, we further investigated the safety and efficacy of this nasal vaccine for the indu...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01360-10
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00